Host gastric corpus microenvironment facilitates Ascaris suum larval hatching and infection in a murine model.

Autor: Yifan Wu, Grace Adeniyi-Ipadeola, Mahliyah Adkins-Threats, Matthew Seasock, Charlie Suarez-Reyes, Ricardo Fujiwara, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Lizhen Song, Jason C Mills, Jill E Weatherhead
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 18, Iss 2, p e0011930 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011930&type=printable
Popis: Ascariasis (roundworm) is the most common parasitic helminth infection globally and can lead to significant morbidity in children including chronic lung disease. Children become infected with Ascaris spp. via oral ingestion of eggs. It has long been assumed that Ascaris egg hatching and larval translocation across the gastrointestinal mucosa to initiate infection occurs in the small intestine. Here, we show that A. suum larvae hatched in the host stomach in a murine model. Larvae utilize acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase; acid chitinase; Chia) from chief cells and acid pumped by parietal cells to emerge from eggs on the surface of gastric epithelium. Furthermore, antagonizing AMCase and gastric acid in the stomach decreases parasitic burden in the liver and lungs and attenuates lung disease. Given Ascaris eggs are chitin-coated, the gastric corpus would logically be the most likely organ for egg hatching, though this is the first study directly evincing the essential role of the host gastric corpus microenvironment. These findings point towards potential novel mechanisms for therapeutic targets to prevent ascariasis and identify a new biomedical significance of AMCase in mammals.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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