P2X7 Receptors in Astrocytes: A Switch for Ischemic Tolerance

Autor:	Yuri Hirayama, Naohiko Anzai, Hiroyuki Kinouchi, Schuichi Koizumi
Jazyk:	angličtina
Rok vydání:	2022
Předmět:	P2X7 receptor ischemic tolerance astrocytes Organic chemistry QD241-441
Zdroj:	Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 12, p 3655 (2022)
Druh dokumentu:	article
ISSN:	1420-3049
DOI:	10.3390/molecules27123655
Popis:	A sub-lethal ischemic episode (preconditioning [PC]) protects neurons against a subsequent lethal ischemic injury. This phenomenon is known as ischemic tolerance. PC itself does not cause brain damage, but affects glial responses, especially astrocytes, and transforms them into an ischemia-resistant phenotype. P2X7 receptors (P2X7Rs) in astrocytes play essential roles in PC. Although P2X7Rs trigger inflammatory and toxic responses, PC-induced P2X7Rs in astrocytes function as a switch to protect the brain against ischemia. In this review, we focus on P2X7Rs and summarize recent developments on how astrocytes control P2X7Rs and what molecular mechanisms they use to induce ischemic tolerance.
Databáze:	Directory of Open Access Journals
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