Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis vs. COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Myocarditis—Same or Different?

Autor: Lior Zornitzki, Ofer Havakuk, Zach Rozenbaum, Dana Viskin, Yaron Arbel, Nir Flint, Joshua Arnold, Barliz Waissengein, Ido Wolf, Shmuel Banai, Yan Topilsky, Michal Laufer-Perl
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Life, Vol 12, Iss 9, p 1366 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2075-1729
DOI: 10.3390/life12091366
Popis: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine-induced myocarditis possibly share common mechanisms secondary to overactivation of the immune system. We aimed to compare the presenting characteristics of ICIs and COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis. We performed a retrospective analysis of characteristics of patients diagnosed with either ICIs or COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis and compared the results to a control group of patients diagnosed with acute viral myocarditis. Eighteen patients diagnosed with ICIs (ICI group) or COVID-19 vaccine (COVID-19 vaccine group)-induced myocarditis, and 20 patients with acute viral myocarditis (Viral group) were included. The ICI group presented mainly with dyspnea vs. chest pain and fever among the COVID-19 vaccine and Viral groups. Peak median high sensitivity Troponin I was markedly lower in the ICI group (median 619 vs. 15,527 and 7388 ng/L, p = 0.004). While the median left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction was 60% among all groups, the ICI group had a lower absolute mean LV global longitudinal strain (13%) and left atrial conduit strain (17%), compared to the COVID-19 vaccine (17% and 30%) and Viral groups (18% and 37%), p = 0.016 and p = 0.001, respectively. Despite a probable similar mechanism, ICI-induced myocarditis’s presenting characteristics differed from COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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