| Autor: |
Miguel Borja, Edgar Neri-Castro, Rebeca Pérez-Morales, Jason L. Strickland, Roberto Ponce-López, Christopher L. Parkinson, Jorge Espinosa-Fematt, Jorge Sáenz-Mata, Esau Flores-Martínez, Alejandro Alagón, Gamaliel Castañeda-Gaytán |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2018 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Toxins, Vol 10, Iss 12, p 501 (2018) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2072-6651 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/toxins10120501 |
| Popis: |
Ontogenetic changes in venom composition have important ecological implications due the relevance of venom in prey acquisition and defense. Additionally, intraspecific venom variation has direct medical consequences for the treatment of snakebite. However, ontogenetic changes are not well documented in most species. The Mexican Black-tailed Rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus nigrescens) is large-bodied and broadly distributed in Mexico. To document venom variation and test for ontogenetic changes in venom composition, we obtained venom samples from twenty-seven C. m. nigrescens with different total body lengths (TBL) from eight states in Mexico. The primary components in the venom were detected by reverse-phase HPLC, western blot, and mass spectrometry. In addition, we evaluated the biochemical (proteolytic, coagulant and fibrinogenolytic activities) and biological (LD50 and hemorrhagic activity) activities of the venoms. Finally, we tested for recognition and neutralization of Mexican antivenoms against venoms of juvenile and adult snakes. We detected clear ontogenetic venom variation in C. m. nigrescens. Venoms from younger snakes contained more crotamine-like myotoxins and snake venom serine proteinases than venoms from older snakes; however, an increase of snake venom metalloproteinases was detected in venoms of larger snakes. Venoms from juvenile snakes were, in general, more toxic and procoagulant than venoms from adults; however, adult venoms were more proteolytic. Most of the venoms analyzed were hemorrhagic. Importantly, Mexican antivenoms had difficulties recognizing low molecular mass proteins ( |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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