Gut microbial characteristics in poor appetite and undernutrition: a cohort of older adults and microbiota transfer in germ‐free mice

Autor: Kristina S. Fluitman, Mark Davids, Louise E. Olofsson, Madelief Wijdeveld, Valentina Tremaroli, Bart J.F. Keijser, Marjolein Visser, Fredrik Bäckhed, Max Nieuwdorp, Richard G. IJzerman
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, Vol 13, Iss 4, Pp 2188-2201 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2190-6009
2190-5991
DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13002
Popis: Abstract Background Older adults are particularly prone to the development of poor appetite and undernutrition. Possibly, this is partly due to the aged gut microbiota. We aimed to evaluate the gut microbiota in relation to both poor appetite and undernutrition in community‐dwelling older adults. Furthermore, we studied the causal effects of the microbiota on body weight and body composition by transferring faecal microbiota from cohort participants into germ‐free mice. Methods First, we conducted a cross‐sectional cohort study of 358 well‐phenotyped Dutch community‐dwelling older adults from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Data collection included body measurements, a faecal and blood sample, as well as extensive questionnaires on appetite, dietary intake, and nutritional status. Appetite was assessed by the Council of Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ) and undernutrition was defined by either a low body mass index (BMI) (BMI 5% body weight loss averaged over the last 2 years. Gut microbiota composition was determined with 16S rRNA sequencing. Next, we transferred faecal microbiota from 12 cohort participants with and without low BMI or recent weight loss into a total of 41 germ‐free mice to study the potential causal effects of the gut microbiota on host BMI and body composition. Results The mean age (range) of our cohort was 73 (65–93); 58.4% was male. Seventy‐seven participants were undernourished and 21 participants had poor appetite (CNAQ
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