| Autor: |
A. Burkert, S. Gillessen, D. N. C. Lin, X. Zheng, P. Schoeller, F. Eisenhauer, R. Genzel |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2024 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol 962, Iss 1, p 81 (2024) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
1538-4357 |
| DOI: |
10.3847/1538-4357/ad17bb |
| Popis: |
The orbital distribution of the S-star cluster surrounding the supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way is analyzed. A tight dependence of the pericenter distance r _p on orbital eccentricity e _⋆ is found, $\mathrm{log}({r}_{{\rm{p}}})\sim (1-{e}_{\star })$ , which cannot be explained simply by a random distribution of semimajor axis and eccentricities. No stars are found in the region with high e _⋆ and large $\mathrm{log}({r}_{{\rm{p}}})$ or in the region with low e _⋆ and small $\mathrm{log}({r}_{{\rm{p}}})$ . Although the sample is still small, the G-clouds show a very similar distribution. The likelihood $P(\mathrm{log}({r}_{{\rm{p}}}),(1-{e}_{\star }))$ to determine the orbital parameters of S-stars is determined. P is very small for stars with large e _⋆ and large $\mathrm{log}({r}_{{\rm{p}}})$ . S-stars might exist in this region. To determine their orbital parameters, one however needs observations over a longer time period. On the other hand, if stars would exist in the region of low $\mathrm{log}({r}_{{\rm{p}}})$ and small e _⋆ , their orbital parameters should by now have been determined. That this region is unpopulated therefore indicates that no S-stars exist with these orbital characteristics, providing constraints for their formation. We call this region, defined by $\mathrm{log}({r}_{{\rm{p}}}/\mathrm{AU})\lt 1.57+2.6(1-{e}_{\star })$ , the zone of avoidance. Finally, it is shown that the observed frequency of eccentricities and pericenter distances is consistent with a random sampling of $\mathrm{log}({r}_{{\rm{p}}})$ and e _⋆ if one takes into account the fact that no stars exist in the zone of avoidance and that orbital parameters cannot yet be determined for stars with large r _p and large e _⋆ . |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
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