Endocrine side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors
Autor: | Zulma Cardona, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Sunandana Chandra, Wenyu Huang |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2023 |
Předmět: | |
Zdroj: | Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 14 (2023) |
Druh dokumentu: | article |
ISSN: | 1664-2392 |
DOI: | 10.3389/fendo.2023.1157805 |
Popis: | Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have increasingly been the mainstay of treatment for numerous malignancies. However, due to their association with autoimmunity, ICIs have resulted in a variety of side effects that involve multiple organs including the endocrine system. In this review article, we describe our current understanding of the autoimmune endocrinopathies as a result of the use of ICIs. We will review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of the most commonly encountered endocrinopathies, including thyroiditis, hypophysitis, Type 1 diabetes, adrenalitis, and central diabetes insipidus. |
Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
Externí odkaz: |
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