Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic Tract

Autor: Tiberiu-Augustin Georgescu, Roxana Elena Bohiltea, Octavian Munteanu, Florentina Furtunescu, Antonia-Carmen Lisievici, Corina Grigoriu, Florentina Gherghiceanu, Emilia Maria Vlădăreanu, Costin Berceanu, Ionita Ducu, Ana-Maria Iordache
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Medicina, Vol 57, Iss 12, p 1338 (2021)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 57121338
1648-9144
1010-660X
DOI: 10.3390/medicina57121338
Popis: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are particularly rare in all sites of the gynecological tract and include a variety of neoplasms with variable prognosis, dependent on histologic subtype and site of origin. Following the expert consensus proposal of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the approach in the latest World Health Organization (WHO) Classification System of the Female Genital Tumours is to use the same terminology for NENs at all body sites. The main concept of this novel classification framework is to align it to all other body sites and make a clear distinction between well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). The previous WHO Classification System of the Female Genital Tumours featured more or less the same principle, but used the terms ‘low-grade neuroendocrine tumor’ and ‘high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma’. Regardless of the terminology used, each of these two main categories include two distinct morphological subtypes: NETs are represented by typical and atypical carcinoid and NEC are represented by small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). High-grade NECs, especially small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma tends to be more frequent in the uterine cervix, followed by the endometrium, while low-grade NETs usually occur in the ovary. NENs of the vulva, vagina and fallopian tube are exceptionally rare, with scattered case reports in the scientific literature.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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