Low temperature hydrogen superpermeation in vanadium composite metal foil pumps
| Autor: | Chao Li, J. Douglas Way, Thomas F. Fuerst, Colin A. Wolden |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Nuclear Materials and Energy, Vol 37, Iss , Pp 101529- (2023) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 2352-1791 50449656 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.nme.2023.101529 |
| Popis: | Palladium-based foil membranes are an effective option for hydrogen isotope recovery from the plasma exhaust of future fusion plants, but cost and availability are concerns. Vanadium (V) is a relatively low cost, neutron tolerant material with high hydrogen permeability. It has been well-studied as a superpermeable membrane at high temperature (>500 °C), but V displays negligible superpermeation at low temperature (75–200 °C) due to catalytic limitations. Composite membranes were fabricated by depositing thin layers (∼100 nm) of either Pd or BCC PdCu on sputter-cleaned vanadium foils (100 μm). Symmetric membranes elevated superpermeation to levels approaching bulk Pd or PdCu foils, with ∼5X higher flux in the latter reflecting the superior properties of PdCu. Asymmetric membranes revealed that the Pd-based catalyst layer was critical for both efficient absorption of superthermal hydrogen upstream as well as catalyzing re-combinative desorption downstream. At T ≥ 150 °C composite membrane superpermeation was equivalent to the Pd-based foils, but the flux was attenuated by a factor of 2-3X as the temperature was reduced. This deviation from pure foil performance coincided with the formation of vanadium hydride (β-V2H), which also impacted the transient response. Nevertheless, no embrittlement was observed under the conditions examined and elevating the temperature >150 °C removed the hydride and restored full performance. The achievement of palladium-level performance with a >99% reduction in Pd inventory makes these V composite metal foils pumps an attractive option for low temperature hydrogen isotope recovery in future fusion plants. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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