Diverse roles of glucocorticoids in the ruminant mammary gland: modulation of mammary growth, milk production, and mastitis

Autor: Xiaoyue Ma, Hanling Liu, Qianqian Jia, Yumiao Zheng, Wentao Li, Mengyu Chang, Haixia Fu, Hongmei Zhu
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Stress, Vol 26, Iss 1 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1025-3890
1607-8888
10253890
DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2023.2252938
Popis: As endocrine hormones, glucocorticoids (GCs) play a pivotal role in numerous physiological processes, including mammary growth and lactation, circulatory metabolism, and responses to external stimuli. In the dairy industry, milk production from cows or goats is important for newborns and economic benefits. However, the milk yields from ruminant animals are always affected by the extent of mammary development, mammary disease, stress, or changes in metabolism. Thus, it is necessary to clarify how GCs changes in ruminants affect ruminant mammary gland function and mammary disease. This review summarizes the findings identifying that GCs modulate mammary gland development before lactation, but the stress-induced excessive release of GCs leads to milk production loss. In addition, the manner of GCs release may change under different concentrations of metabolites or during mastitis or inflammatory challenge. Nevertheless, exogenous GCs administration to animals may alleviate the clinical symptoms of mastitis. This review demonstrates that GCs offer a fascinating contribution to both physiologic and pathogenic conditions of the mammary gland in ruminant animals. Characterizing and understanding these changes or functions of endogenous and exogenous GCs in animals will be crucial for developing more endocrine regulators and therapies for improving milk production in ruminants.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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