Biological roles of A-to-I editing: implications in innate immunity, cell death, and cancer immunotherapy

Autor: Jing Yuan, Li Xu, Hai-Juan Bao, Jie-lin Wang, Yang Zhao, Shuo Chen
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Vol 42, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1756-9966
DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02727-9
Popis: Abstract Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, a key RNA modification widely found in eukaryotes, is catalyzed by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs). Such RNA editing destabilizes endogenous dsRNAs, which are subsequently recognized by the sensors of innate immune and other proteins as autologous dsRNAs. This prevents the activation of innate immunity and type I interferon-mediated responses, thereby reducing the downstream cell death induced by the activation of the innate immune sensing system. ADARs-mediated editing can also occur in mRNAs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in different species. In mRNAs, A-to-I editing may lead to missense mutations and the selective splicing of coding regions. Meanwhile, in ncRNAs, A-to-I editing may affect targeting and disrupt ncRNAs maturation, leading to anomalous cell proliferation, invasion, and responses to immunotherapy. This review highlights the biological functions of A-to-I editing, its role in regulating innate immunity and cell death, and its potential molecular significance in tumorigenesis and cancer targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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