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Besufekad Mulugeta,1 Esubalew Tesfahun,2 Tadesse Mamo,2 Erzik Mohammaed,1 Ermiyas Endewent,1 Mollawork Ayele1 1Department of Internal Medicine, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; 2Department of Epidemiology, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Besufekad Mulugeta, Department of Internal Medicine, Debre Berhan University, 445, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, Tel +251913625319, Email besufekad521@gmail.com; besufikadmulugeta@dbu.edu.etBackground: Community-acquired pneumonia among adults remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in both industrialized and developing countries, including Ethiopia. Moreover, despite the availability of the best clinical standards, morbidity and mortality from community-acquired pneumonia have not improved over the last few decades. Therefore, prompt assessment and correction of modifiable risk factors are crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality. However, there are limited data on the determinants of community-acquired pneumonia among adults in the current study area.Purpose: This study aimed to identify the determinants of community-acquired pneumonia among adult patients visiting Debre Berhan University Hospital, Ethiopia, May 2023.Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case–control study design was conducted to select 113 cases and 113 controls using a consecutive sampling technique. Using the SPSS version 25 software bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the determinants of community-acquired pneumonia. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and p-values < 0.05 were used to assess the level of significance.Results: In this study, recent history of common cold [AOR: 4.35, 95% CI: (2.22, 8.51)], recent history of toothache [AOR: 2.51, 95% CI: (1.18, 5.33)], and not brushing teeth regularly [AOR, 2.79; 95% CI: (1.32, 5.88)] were significantly associated with community-acquired pneumonia.Conclusion: In this study, common cold, recent history of toothache, and lack of regular oral hygiene were significantly associated with community acquired pneumonia in adults. Therefore, health promotion of oral hygiene and the common cold is recommended to decrease the risk of pneumonia.Keywords: community acquired pneumonia, determinants, case control, oral hygiene |
