Anxiety, depressive symptoms, and distress over the course of the war in Ukraine in three federal states in Germany

Autor: Janka Massag, Sophie Diexer, Bianca Klee, Daniela Costa, Cornelia Gottschick, Anja Broda, Oliver Purschke, Nils Opel, Mascha Binder, Daniel Sedding, Thomas Frese, Matthias Girndt, Jessica Hoell, Irene Moor, Jonas Rosendahl, Michael Gekle, Rafael Mikolajczyk
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol 14 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1664-0640
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1167615
Popis: IntroductionThe Russian invasion of Ukraine and the resulting consequences are in the center of political discussions, media, and likely individual thinking of the population in Germany. Yet, the impact of this prolonged exposure on mental health is not known hitherto.MethodsUsing the population based cohort study DigiHero from three federal states (Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony, and Bavaria), we assessed anxiety levels (GAD-7), depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), and distress (modified PDI) in the first weeks of war and 6 months later.ResultsOf those 19,432, who responded in the first weeks of war, 13,934 (71.1%) responded also 6 months later. While anxiety and emotional distress decreased during the 6 months, their average scores were still elevated, and a substantial fraction of respondents displayed clinically relevant sequelae. Persons from low-income households were especially affected, specifically by fears related to the personal financial situation. Those who reacted with a particularly strong fear in the beginning of war were more likely to have persistent clinically relevant symptoms of depression and anxiety also 6 months later.DiscussionThe Russian invasion of Ukraine is accompanied by continuing impairment of mental health in the German population. Fears surrounding the personal financial situation are a strong determinant.
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