| Autor: |
Anna Barbiero, Michele Spinicci, Andrea Aiello, Martina Maruotto, Roberta Maria Antonello, Giuseppe Formica, Matteo Piccica, Patrizia Isola, Eva Maria Parisio, Maria Nardone, Silvia Valentini, Valentina Mangano, Tamara Brunelli, Loria Bianchi, Filippo Bartalesi, Cecilia Costa, Margherita Sambo, Mario Tumbarello, Spartaco Sani, Silvia Fabiani, Barbara Rossetti, Cesira Nencioni, Alessandro Lanari, Donatella Aquilini, Giulia Montorzi, Elisabetta Venturini, Luisa Galli, Giada Rinninella, Marco Falcone, Federica Ceriegi, Francesco Amadori, Antonella Vincenti, Pierluigi Blanc, Iacopo Vellere, Danilo Tacconi, Sauro Luchi, Sara Moneta, Daniela Massi, Michela Brogi, Fabio Voller, Fabrizio Gemmi, Gian Maria Rossolini, Maria Grazia Cusi, Fabrizio Bruschi, Alessandro Bartoloni, Lorenzo Zammarchi |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2024 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
Microorganisms, Vol 12, Iss 10, p 1963 (2024) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2076-2607 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/microorganisms12101963 |
| Popis: |
Human leishmaniasis is facing important epidemiological changes in Southern Europe, driven by increased urbanization, climate changes, emerging of new animal reservoirs, shifts in human behavior and a growing population of immunocompromised and elderly individuals. In this evolving epidemiological landscape, we analyzed the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human leishmaniasis in the Tuscany region of Central Italy. Through a multicentric retrospective analysis, we collected clinical and demographic data about all cases of leishmaniasis recorded between 2018 and 2023. We observed 176 cases of human leishmaniasis, with 128 (72.7%) visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and 47 (26.7%) cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Among these, 92.2% of VL and 85.1% of CL cases were autochthonous. The cumulative incidence of autochthonous human leishmaniasis was 0.22 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2018, but reached 1.81/100,000 in 2023. We identified three main areas of transmission: around the city of Florence (North-East Tuscany), around Grosseto city (South-West Tuscany) and Elba Island. Our findings confirm that the epidemiology of leishmaniasis is undergoing significant changes in Central Italy. Awareness towards this emerging health threat and surveillance strategies need to be improved in order to reliably assess the disease’s burden. Further research is needed in a “One-Health” perspective, to clarify the epidemiological dynamics at the environmental, reservoir, vector and human levels. The role of climate change and specific climatic factors affecting the epidemiological patterns of human leishmaniasis should be assessed. Further knowledge in these fields would promote targeted control and prevention strategies at regional and national levels. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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