The role of phosphorylation in the elasticity of the tethers that connect telomeres of separating anaphase chromosomes

Autor: Emma Kite, Arthur Forer
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Nucleus, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 19-31 (2020)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1949-1034
1949-1042
19491034
DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2019.1710329
Popis: Elastic tethers, connecting telomeres of all separating anaphase chromosome pairs, lose elasticity when they lengthen during anaphase. Treatment with phosphatase inhibitor CalyculinA causes anaphase chromosomes to move backwards after they reach the poles, suggesting that dephosphorylation causes loss of tether elasticity. We added 50nM CalyculinA to living anaphase crane-fly spermatocytes with different length tethers. When tethers were short, almost all partner chromosomes moved backwards after nearing the poles. When tethers were longer, fewer chromosomes moved backwards. With yet longer tethers none moved backward. This is consistent with tether elasticity being lost by dephosphorylation. 50nM CalyculinA blocks both PP1 and PP2A. To distinguish between PP1 and PP2A we treated cells with short tethers with 50nM okadaic acid which blocks solely PP2A, or with 1µM okadaic acid which blocks both PP1 and PP2A. Only 1µM okadaic acid caused chromosomes to move backward. Thus, tether elasticity is lost because of dephosphorylation by PP1.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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