Cobalt as a promising dopant for producing semi-insulating β-Ga2O3 crystals: Charge state transition levels from experiment and theory

Autor: Palvan Seyidov, Joel B. Varley, Zbigniew Galazka, Ta-Shun Chou, Andreas Popp, Andreas Fiedler, Klaus Irmscher
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: APL Materials, Vol 10, Iss 11, Pp 111109-111109-9 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2166-532X
DOI: 10.1063/5.0112915
Popis: Optical absorption and photoconductivity measurements of Co-doped β-Ga2O3 crystals reveal the photon energies of optically excited charge transfer between the Co related deep levels and the conduction or valence band. The corresponding photoionization cross sections are fitted by a phenomenological model considering electron–phonon coupling. The obtained fitting parameters: thermal ionization (zero-phonon transition) energy, Franck–Condon shift, and effective phonon energy are compared with corresponding values predicted by first principle calculations based on density functional theory. A (+/0) donor level ∼0.85 eV above the valence band maximum and a (0/−) acceptor level ∼2.1 eV below the conduction band minimum are consistently derived. Temperature-dependent electrical resistivity measurement at elevated temperatures (up to 1000 K) yields a thermal activation energy of 2.1 ± 0.1 eV, consistent with the position of the Co acceptor level. Furthermore, the results show that Co doping is promising for producing semi-insulating β-Ga2O3 crystals.
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