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Qingguang Liu,1 Qiangmin Huang,2,3 Lin Liu,4 Thi-Tham Nguyen5 1International College of Football, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Sport Rehabilitation, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Shanghai Ciyuan Rehabilitation Hospital, Sinopharm Healthcare, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Rehabilitation, School of Sport and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 5Faculty of Sport Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamCorrespondence: Qiangmin Huang, Keyanlou 4-408, Hengren Road No. 188, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8602155135072, Fax +8602155135076, Email huaqia404@aliyun.comPurpose: To determine the difference in maintenance of improvement of pain and disability for dry needling (DN) under needle electromyography (EMG) guidance technique in myofascial neck and shoulder pain patients, compared with DN alone.Patients and Methods: In this randomized single-blind clinical trial, 30 participants with myofascial pain in the neck and shoulder were randomly allocated to two groups: myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) DN with EMG guided (DN-EMG) group and MTrPs DN without EMG (DN) group. Needling treatment lasted for 2 weeks, twice a week. The primary outcome was pain intensity as assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI). A number of mappings referred to pain and spontaneous muscle activity (SEA) were considered secondary outcomes. VAS and NDI were measured before treatment, after 2 weeks of intervention and at 4-, 6- and 12-week follow-up periods after the intervention. Secondary outcomes were assessed before each treatment (T1–T4). Data were analysed using mixed-model analyses of variance (ANOVA) with time as a within-subject variable and groups as between-subject variables followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc test.Results: Mixed-model ANOVA revealed significant time-by-group interaction effects (F = 3.49, P = 0.01) for VAS. Post-hoc analysis showed a significant decrease in VAS and NDI after 2 weeks of intervention and at all follow-up periods compared with baseline in both groups (p < 0.01). The DN-EMG group exhibited higher improvements in VAS at 6- and 12-week follow-up period than the DN group (p < 0.05). In the SEA of MTrPs, we found positive sharp waves, fibrillation and fascicular potentials. DN-EMG group exhibited lower amplitudes at T2–T4 and frequencies at T2 and T3.Conclusion: DN under needle EMG guidance technique exhibited greater improvements in maintenance of improvement of pain and lower SEA value than the DN group due to sufficient MTrPs inactivation.Keywords: myofascial trigger point, muscle pain, needling |
