| Autor: |
Rebar N. Mohammed, Rozita Tamjidifar, Heshu Sulaiman Rahman, Ali Adili, Shadi Ghoreishizadeh, Hossein Saeedi, Lakshmi Thangavelu, Navid Shomali, Ramin Aslaminabad, Faroogh Marofi, Mina Tahavvori, Svetlana Danishna, Morteza Akbari, Gülinnaz Ercan |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2022 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Cell Communication and Signaling, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2022) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
1478-811X |
| DOI: |
10.1186/s12964-022-00856-w |
| Popis: |
Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. The infection was reported in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019 and has become a major global concern due to severe respiratory infections and high transmission rates. Evidence suggests that the strong interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and patients' immune systems leads to various clinical symptoms of COVID-19. Although the adaptive immune responses are essential for eliminating SARS-CoV-2, the innate immune system may, in some cases, cause the infection to progress. The cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in adaptive immune responses demonstrated functional exhaustion through upregulation of exhaustion markers. In this regard, humoral immune responses play an essential role in combat SARS-CoV-2 because SARS-CoV-2 restricts antigen presentation through downregulation of MHC class I and II molecules that lead to the inhibition of T cell-mediated immune response responses. This review summarizes the exact pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and the alteration of the immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, we’ve explained the exhaustion of the immune system during SARS-CoV-2 and the potential immunomodulation approach to overcome this phenomenon. Video Abstract |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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