Maternal vitamin D status and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), an under diagnosed risk factor; A review

Autor: Hafsa Tahir, Naveed Munir, Syeda Saira Iqbal, Umar Bacha, Saira Amir, Hassaan Umar, Muhammad Riaz, Imtiaz Mahmood Tahir, Syed Muhammad Ali Shah, Almina Shafiq, Muhammad Akram
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: European Journal of Inflammation, Vol 21 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2058-7392
1721727X
DOI: 10.1177/1721727X231161013
Popis: Vitamin D is important to mediate several brain processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and neurotransmission in early stages of life. Vitamin D deficiency during critical periods of development can lead to persistent brain alterations. Vitamin D homeostasis during pregnancy is affected by two factors which includes an increase in mother’s calcitriol levels and an increase in mother’s Vitamin D Binding protein concentrations. Attention deficient hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an outcome of a complicated interaction between genetic, environmental, and developmental traits, and genetic factors cover about 80% of the cases. The efficiency of the immune system can be altered by a deficiency of Vitamin D in maternal body and maternal stress during gestation such as perinatal depression. Studies have proved that during gestation if there is a deficiency of vitamin D in maternal body, it can influence the brain development of the fetus and can also alter the synthesis of the brain-derived neurotropic factor. The current manuscript has been compiled to elaborate different factors which are associated with ADHD particularly focusing on the relationship of vitamin D deficiency in mothers. References material was selected from NCBI (PUBMED), Science direct, Google scholar, Publons etc. Using the terms ADHD, Vitamin D and Maternal nutritional status. Although, controversial relationship was found between the deficiency of Vitamin D level in pregnant women and development of ADHD in children but more controlled trials are required for future direction as well as to rule out other associated causes.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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