Autor: |
Bonggil Hyun, Pung-Guk Jang, Min-Chul Jang, Jung-Hoon Kang, Ju-Hyoung Kim, Jang-Seu Ki, Dong Han Choi, Ok Hwan Yu, Jin-Young Seo, Woo-Jin Lee, Kyoungsoon Shin |
Jazyk: |
angličtina |
Rok vydání: |
2024 |
Předmět: |
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Zdroj: |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 234 (2024) |
Druh dokumentu: |
article |
ISSN: |
2077-1312 |
DOI: |
10.3390/jmse12020234 |
Popis: |
Herein, we evaluate the scientific basis for managing hull fouling of ships entering Korean ports, diagnose biological risks that may occur when in-water cleaning (IWC) systems remove hull fouling, and present a protocol for evaluating these risks (the Korean Infection Modes and Effects Analysis; K-IMEA). Protocol development included the selection of core elements and scenario design for IWC and the evaluation of regrowth experiments. The K-IMEA index was designed by considering the inoculation pathway of attaching organisms in all processes to ships that enter a port for in-water cleaning. A number of risk indices were defined: R1—Introduction/Establishment of alien species before in-water cleaning; R2—Establishment of alien species escaped during in-water cleaning; R3—Introduction/Establishment of alien species after in-water cleaning; and R4—Establishment of alien species in effluent water. K-IMEA regrowth experiments (R2 and R4) using the in-water cleaning effluent showed that the attachment and regrowth of prokaryotes, microalgae, and macroalgae were successfully detected. In particular, prokaryotes were observed in samples filtered through a 5 μm mesh of the in-water cleaning effluent, even at a low fouling rating (Levels 1–2). These experiments suggest a necessity to consider a secondary treatment method in addition to the primary filtration method for the treatment of in-water cleaning effluents. |
Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
Externí odkaz: |
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