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Background: acute renal injury is a clinical syndrome resulting from multiple etiologies, which becomes evident in the sudden loss of renal functions. The constant search for biomarkers for its diagnosis is aimed at its early detection and prevention.Objective: to describe biomarkers of acute renal injury, according to the most updated bibliography.Methods: a bibliographic review was carried out using as information resources the ones available through the Infomed network (PubMed, SciELO, Ebsco and Clinical Key), as well as the Google Academic search engine. 81 % of the consulted bibliography belonged to the last 5 years and 64 % to the last 3 years. The methods used in the study were analysis-synthesis, induction-deduction and historical-logical.Results: in order to overcome the limitations of traditional markers and achieve an accurate diagnosis, and therefore a less unfavorable prognosis, new biomarkers have been identified such as: the kidney injury molecule 1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, interleukin 18, combination of tissue metalloproteinase inhibitor 2 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7, urinary N-acetyl-β-glucosamidase, Na-H exchanger isoform-3, liver-type fatty acid binding protein 1, netrin 1, fibroblast growth factor 23 and glutathione S-transferase.Conclusions: acute renal injury is a common condition today. In the scientific literature there are abundant articles on the use of sensitive and specific serum and/or urinary biomarkers, very useful for establishing the early diagnosis of it. |
