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Summary: Background: Thyroid cancer incidence has increased worldwide. Obesity trends may play a role, but the underlying biological pathways are not well-characterized. Therefore, we examined associations of excess adiposity and obesity-related metabolic conditions with thyroid cancer incidence. Methods: From the Sister Study, a cohort of sisters of women with breast cancer, we included 47,739 women who were cancer-free at baseline (2003–2009). Height, weight, waist and hip circumference, and blood pressure were measured at baseline and medical history was self-reported. Cox proportional hazards regression models were adjusted for age (time scale), race/ethnicity, smoking, baseline history of benign thyroid disease, and frequency of routine healthcare visits. Findings: During follow-up (median = 12.5; max = 15.9 years), 259 women reported incident thyroid cancer. Body mass index (BMI) (hazard ratio [HR]per-5 kg/m2 = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.14–1.37), waist circumference (HRper-5 cm increase = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.06–1.15), and waist-to-hip ratio (HR ≥0.85-versus- |
