Ultrasonography and Atypical Sites of Endometriosis

Autor: Stefano Guerriero, Francesca Conway, Maria Angela Pascual, Betlem Graupera, Silvia Ajossa, Manuela Neri, Eleonora Musa, Marcelo Pedrassani, Juan Luis Alcazar
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Diagnostics, Vol 10, Iss 6, p 345 (2020)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2075-4418
77874773
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10060345
Popis: In the present pictorial we show the ultrasonographic appearances of endometriosis in atypical sites. Scar endometriosis may present as a hypoechoic solid nodule with hyperechoic spots while umbilical endometriosis may appear as solid or partially cystic areas with ill-defined margins. In the case of endometriosis of the rectus muscle, ultrasonography usually demonstrates a heterogeneous hypoechogenic formation with indistinct edges. Inguinal endometriosis is quite variable in its ultrasonographic presentation showing a completely solid mass or a mixed solid and cystic mass. The typical ultrasonographic finding associated with perineal endometriosis is the presence of a solid lesion near to the episiotomy scar. Under ultrasonography, appendiceal endometriosis is characterized by a solid lesion in the wall of the small bowel, usually well defined. Superficial hepatic endometriosis is characterized by a small hypoechoic lesion interrupting the hepatic capsula, usually hyperechoic. Ultrasound endometriosis of the pancreas is characterized by a small hypoechoic lesion while endometriosis of the kidney is characterized by a hyperechoic small nodule. Diaphragmatic endometriosis showed typically small hypoechoic lesions. Only peripheral nerves can be investigated using ultrasound, with a typical solid appearance. In conclusion, ultrasonography seems to have a fundamental role in the majority of endometriosis cases in “atypical” sites, in all the cases where “typical” clinical findings are present.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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