Morphological evolution of language-relevant brain areas.

Autor: Guillermo Gallardo, Cornelius Eichner, Chet C Sherwood, William D Hopkins, Alfred Anwander, Angela D Friederici
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: PLoS Biology, Vol 21, Iss 9, p e3002266 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1544-9173
1545-7885
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002266
Popis: Human language is supported by a cortical network involving Broca's area, which comprises Brodmann Areas 44 and 45 (BA44 and BA45). While cytoarchitectonic homolog areas have been identified in nonhuman primates, it remains unknown how these regions evolved to support human language. Here, we use histological data and advanced cortical registration methods to precisely compare the morphology of BA44 and BA45 in humans and chimpanzees. We found a general expansion of Broca's areas in humans, with the left BA44 enlarging the most, growing anteriorly into a region known to process syntax. Together with recent functional and receptorarchitectural studies, our findings support the conclusion that BA44 evolved from an action-related region to a bipartite system, with a posterior portion supporting action and an anterior portion supporting syntactic processes. Our findings add novel insights to the longstanding debate on the relationship between language and action, and the evolution of Broca's area.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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