COVID-19 antibody responses in individuals with natural immunity and with vaccination-induced immunity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Autor: Qiuying Zhang, Lirui Jiao, Qiushi Chen, Caroline A. Bulstra, Pascal Geldsetzer, Tulio de Oliveira, Juntao Yang, Chen Wang, Till Bärnighausen, Simiao Chen
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Systematic Reviews, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2046-4053
DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02597-y
Popis: Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a large mortality and morbidity burden globally. For individuals, a strong immune response is the most effective means to block SARS-CoV-2 infection. To inform clinical case management of COVID-19, development of improved vaccines, and public health policy, a better understanding of antibody response dynamics and duration following SARS-CoV-2 infection and after vaccination is imperatively needed. Methods We systematically analyzed antibody response rates in naturally infected COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals. Specifically, we searched all published and pre-published literature between 1 December 2019 and 31 July 2023 using MeSH terms and “all field” terms comprising “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2,” and “antibody response” or “immunity response” or “humoral immune.” We included experimental and observational studies that provided antibody positivity rates following natural COVID-19 infection or vaccination. A total of 44 studies reporting antibody positivity rate changes over time were included. Results The meta-analysis showed that within the first week after COVID-19 symptom onset/diagnosis or vaccination, antibody response rates in vaccinated individuals were lower than those in infected patients (p
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