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Chailat Maluangnon, Surat Tongyoo, Chairat Permpikul Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Chairat Permpikul, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2, Wanglang Road, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand, Tel +66 81 408 1676, Fax +66 2 419 8597, Email chairat.per@mahidol.ac.thBackground: Vancomycin is the best-choice medication for methicillin-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal infections, which are major problems in intensive care units (ICUs). Intermittent infusion is standard for vancomycin, although delayed therapeutic target achievement and supra- and subtherapeutic levels are concerns. A recently proposed alternative with superior therapeutic target achievement is continuous infusion.Objective: To compare the benefits of continuous (CVI) and intermittent (IVI) vancomycin infusion.Methods: This quasi-experimental study used propensity score-matched historical controls and adult patients in medical and surgical ICUs for whom vancomycin was indicated. The experimental group received CVI for ≥ 48 hours. Data on patients receiving IVI between January 2018 and October 2020 were reviewed. Capability to achieve serum vancomycin therapeutic targets (48 and 96 hours), episodes of supra- and subtherapeutic levels, treatment success, mortality, and incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) were analyzed before and after one-to-two propensity score matching.Results: The CVI group had 31 patients, while the unmatched IVI group had 125. More CVI patients achieved the therapeutic target within 48 hours (54.8% vs 25.6%; P=0.002). CVI patients had a higher median number of supratherapeutic episodes (2 vs 1; P=0.007) but a lower median for subtherapeutic episodes (0 vs 1; P=0.003). Other outcomes demonstrated no differences. After propensity score matching, target achievement within 48 hours (54.8% vs 22.6%; P=0.002) and fewer subtherapeutic episodes (0 vs 1; P=0.014) remained significant.Conclusion: CVI’s rapid therapeutic target achievement and fewer subtherapeutic episodes make it superior to IVI. No differences in treatment success, mortality, or AKI are evident.Keywords: continuous infusion, intensive care units, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic drug monitoring, vancomycin |
