PIGMENTAL COMPOSITION OF BACKGROUND EPIPHYTIC SPECIES OF BRIO- AND LYCHENOBYOTES OF LARGE CITIES AS BIOINDICATION TISSUE

Autor: Nikolaevich Artem Zlydnev, Olga Nikolaevna Onophreychuk, Lydia Nikolaevna Anishchenko
Jazyk: English<br />Russian
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: В мире научных открытий, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 75-89 (2018)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2072-0831
2307-9428
DOI: 10.12731/wsd-2018-1-75-89
Popis: Biochemical indices of the general state of air in cities are revealed - the content of photosynthetic pigment in the biomass of lichens and green mosses. The total concentration of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a and b) is established and on their basis 2 zones are distinguished: high and low pigment content for the city of Bryansk and Orel. The optimal ratio of chlorophylls a and b (5: 3) is not determined for any sample of biomass, on average for Bryansk – 2.2: 4.3, for Orel – 2.5: 3.4. Small values of chlorophyll a concentration are determined for ecotopes of epiphytic mosses and lichens in central regions and for zones of exposure to mobile sources of pollution. For lichen biomass in Eagle samples, the maximum concentration of chlorophyll a exceeds the minimum concentration by 7.2 times, for chlorophyll b – by 20.1 times. For moss biomass in the samples of the city of Orel the maximum value of the concentration of chlorophyll a exceeds the minimum concentration by 8.3 times, chlorophyll b – by 17.9 times. For the biomass of epiphytic bryophytes in Bryansk, the highest values of the total chlorophyll a content are 5.2 times higher than the minimum and chlorophyll b – 19.6 times. The variability of pigment parameters for gametophytes of background species of green mosses is low, which confirms the reliability of the data. The variability of the signs for Orthotrichum spesiosum by chlorophyll a was 12%, chlorophyll b – 17%, Pylaisia polyantha chlorophyll a – 14%, chlorophyll b – 15%, Amblystegium serpens chlorophyll a 12%, chlorophyll b 14%. The variability of the concentration of pigments for lichen thalloms is low, within normal limits. The variability of the trait for Xanthoria parietina is calculated for chlorophyll a – 11%, for chlorophyll b – 15%, for Phiscia ciliata for chlorophyll a – 12%, for chlorophyll b – 17%, for Phiscia pulverulenta for chlorophyll a – 13%, for chlorophyll b – 15%, Melanelia olivacea for chlorophyll a – 14%, chlorophyll b – 12%. For the biochemical indication of the general state of air, the content of the demonstrative pigment, chlorophyll b, can be used. For ecotopes of two large cities of the old-developed region, a database for biochemical monitoring has been created using common types of bioindicators.
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