Effects of Monoamines and Antidepressants on Astrocyte Physiology: Implications for Monoamine Hypothesis of Depression

Autor: Swananda V Marathe, Priyal L D’almeida, Garima Virmani, Praveen Bathini, Lavinia Alberi
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Experimental Neuroscience, Vol 12 (2018)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1179-0695
11790695
DOI: 10.1177/1179069518789149
Popis: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders affecting over one-fifth of the population worldwide. Owing to our limited understanding of the pathophysiology of MDD, the quest for finding novel antidepressant drug targets is severely impeded. Monoamine hypothesis of MDD provides a robust theoretical framework, forming the core of a large jigsaw puzzle, around which we must look for the vital missing pieces. Growing evidence suggests that the glial loss observed in key regions of the limbic system in depressed patients, at least partly, accounts for the structural and cognitive manifestations of MDD. Studies in animal models have subsequently hinted at the possibility that the glial atrophy may play a causative role in the precipitation of depressive symptoms. Antidepressants as well as monoamine neurotransmitters exert profound effects on the gene expression and metabolism in astrocytes. This raises an intriguing possibility that the astrocytes may play a central role alongside neurons in the behavioral effects of antidepressant drugs. In this article, we discuss the gene expression and metabolic changes brought about by antidepressants in astrocytes, which could be of relevance to synaptic plasticity and behavioral effects of antidepressant treatments.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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