Seroprevalence and Shifting Endemicities of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in Two Different Geographical Areas in the Philippines

Autor: Josefina C. Carlos, Vinna Marie T. Quinones, Maria Peñafrancia L. Adversario, Jennifer M. Nailes, Jangail C. Songco, Donaliz R. Garcia, Michelle G. Cacayorin, May Priscilla V. Cero, Maria Paula Aleta Benedicto-Delfin, Ma. Christina C. Blanco, Nadjah S. Natividad, Jacqueline D. Bernabe, Hyacinth Claire T. Chacon, Ronald Alvin C. Ascue, Jayme Natasha K. Paggao, Lous Ohsana P. Comendador, Gustavo Hernandez-Suarez, Adriana Guzman-Holst
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Vol 13, Iss 5, Pp 1019-1035 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2193-8229
2193-6382
DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-00955-w
Popis: Abstract Introduction Infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) is often asymptomatic in young children, but most adolescents and adults will have symptoms ranging from nausea and tiredness to acute liver failure and even death. The risk of severe disease is higher in older adults and people with pre-existing liver disease. Immunization is recommended in regions with low HAV endemicity levels, i.e., where people get infected later in life. In the Philippines, recent epidemiologic data on HAV infection are lacking. The objective of this study was to assess age-specific seroprevalence and evaluate risk factors associated with HAV seropositivity. Methods People from two geographic areas (urban and rural) were recruited/enrolled and stratified by age group. HAV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were measured with a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Sociodemographic parameters, hepatitis medical history, disease knowledge, hygiene measures and sanitation were assessed via a purpose-made questionnaire. Age at midpoint of population immunity (AMPI) was estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine factors that were statistically significantly associated (p
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