Genomic Surveillance of Yellow Fever Virus Epizootic in São Paulo, Brazil, 2016 - 2018.

Autor: Sarah C Hill, Renato de Souza, Julien Thézé, Ingra Claro, Renato S Aguiar, Leandro Abade, Fabiana C P Santos, Mariana S Cunha, Juliana S Nogueira, Flavia C S Salles, Iray M Rocco, Adriana Y Maeda, Fernanda G S Vasami, Louis du Plessis, Paola P Silveira, Jaqueline G de Jesus, Joshua Quick, Natália C C A Fernandes, Juliana M Guerra, Rodrigo A Réssio, Marta Giovanetti, Luiz C J Alcantara, Cinthya S Cirqueira, Josué Díaz-Delgado, Fernando L L Macedo, Maria do Carmo S T Timenetsky, Regiane de Paula, Roberta Spinola, Juliana Telles de Deus, Luís F Mucci, Rosa Maria Tubaki, Regiane M T de Menezes, Patrícia L Ramos, Andre L de Abreu, Laura N Cruz, Nick Loman, Simon Dellicour, Oliver G Pybus, Ester C Sabino, Nuno R Faria
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: PLoS Pathogens, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e1008699 (2020)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1553-7366
1553-7374
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008699
Popis: São Paulo, a densely inhabited state in southeast Brazil that contains the fourth most populated city in the world, recently experienced its largest yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in decades. YFV does not normally circulate extensively in São Paulo, so most people were unvaccinated when the outbreak began. Surveillance in non-human primates (NHPs) is important for determining the magnitude and geographic extent of an epizootic, thereby helping to evaluate the risk of YFV spillover to humans. Data from infected NHPs can give more accurate insights into YFV spread than when using data from human cases alone. To contextualise human cases, identify epizootic foci and uncover the rate and direction of YFV spread in São Paulo, we generated and analysed virus genomic data and epizootic case data from NHPs in São Paulo. We report the occurrence of three spatiotemporally distinct phases of the outbreak in São Paulo prior to February 2018. We generated 51 new virus genomes from YFV positive cases identified in 23 different municipalities in São Paulo, mostly sampled from NHPs between October 2016 and January 2018. Although we observe substantial heterogeneity in lineage dispersal velocities between phylogenetic branches, continuous phylogeographic analyses of generated YFV genomes suggest that YFV lineages spread in São Paulo at a mean rate of approximately 1km per day during all phases of the outbreak. Viral lineages from the first epizootic phase in northern São Paulo subsequently dispersed towards the south of the state to cause the second and third epizootic phases there. This alters our understanding of how YFV was introduced into the densely populated south of São Paulo state. Our results shed light on the sylvatic transmission of YFV in highly fragmented forested regions in São Paulo state and highlight the importance of continued surveillance of zoonotic pathogens in sentinel species.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje