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Muhammed Hassan Nasr,1 Bassam Abdul Rasool Hassan,2 Noordin Othman,3 Mahmathi Karuppannan,4 Noorizan binti Abdulaziz,5 Ali Haider Mohammed,2,6 Mohammed Ahmed Alsarani,7 Mohammed Husain Eskembaji,7 Abdelmannan Mohamed Aman,8 Gamil Othman9 1Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan Colleges, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq; 3Quality Use of Medicines in Umrah and Hajj Pilgrimage Research Group, Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor, Malaysia; 5Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia; 6School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; 7Laboratory Department, Medical Care Unit, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia; 8Family Medicine Department, Medical Care Unit, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia; 9Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, YemenCorrespondence: Gamil Othman, Email gamilqasem@yahoo.comBackground: The link between the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and vitamin D deficiency has perplexed the medical society due to the controversy in the data available. Saudi Arabia (SA) is a sunny region; however, ample amount of data reported the increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency along with T2DM. Thus, this study aimed to compare vitamin D deficiency between healthy and T2DM patients in SA, alongside with the risk factors associated with that.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Medical Unit, Taibah University in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, SA, from November 2017 to May 2018. The involved participants were non-diabetics and T2DM men. Measuring vitamin D for T2DM and non-diabetics group was done by trained technicians. Data analysis was done via SPSS.Results: Sixty-four participants (T2DM group = 32; non-diabetics group = 32) were recruited, and the mean age of T2DM patients was 48.6 ± 10.4, while that of the non-diabetics was 42.4 ± 6.5. The mean of vitamin D level was found higher in the non-diabetic participants than in diabetic patients. There was statistically significant association between vitamin D deficiency and T2DM (P = 0.001). Besides, duration of diabetes was the only factor, found to be positively correlated with vitamin D deficiency in T2DM patients.Conclusion: Early screening for vitamin D serum-level is recommended for T2DM patients in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, early correction of vitamin D levels should be considered, and medical and scientific societies, along with other sectors such as the media, should highlight and increase the awareness of the importance of vitamin D and the seriousness of its deficiency.Keywords: T2DM, vitamin D deficiency, Saudi Arabia |
