| Autor: |
Marco Lombardo, Federico Ricci, Andrea Cusumano, Benedetto Falsini, Carlo Nucci, Massimo Cesareo |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2024 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Diagnostics, Vol 14, Iss 20, p 2289 (2024) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2075-4418 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/diagnostics14202289 |
| Popis: |
Objectives: The main objective of this study was to report and investigate the characteristics and longitudinal changes in dark-without-pressure (DWP) fundus lesions in patients with autoimmune diseases using multimodal imaging techniques. Methods: In this retrospective observational case series, five patients affected by ocular and systemic autoimmune disorders and DWP were examined. DWP was assessed by multimodal imaging, including color fundus photography (CFP), near-infrared reflectance (NIR), blue reflectance (BR), blue autofluorescence (BAF), optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT-angiography (OCT-A), fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and functional testing, including standard automated perimetry (SAP) and electroretinography (ERG). Follow-up examinations were performed for four out of five patients (range: 6 months–7 years). Results: DWP fundus lesions were found in the retinal mid-periphery and were characterized by the hypo-reflectivity of the ellipsoid zone on OCT. DWP appeared hypo-reflective in NIR, BR and BAF, and exhibited hypo-fluorescence in FA in two patients while showing no signs in one patient. ICGA showed hypo-fluorescent margins in one patient. SAP and ERG testing did not show alterations attributable to the DWP lesion. Follow-up examinations documented rapid dimensional changes in DWP even in the short term (1 month). Conclusions: This study suggests a possible association between autoimmune diseases and DWP. New FA and ICGA features were described. The proposed pathogenesis hypotheses may operate as a basis for further investigation of a lesion that is still largely unknown. Large population studies would be necessary to confirm whether there is a higher incidence of DWP in this patient category. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
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