Genome-wide CpG density and DNA methylation analysis method (MeDIP, RRBS, and WGBS) comparisons
| Autor: | Daniel Beck, Millissia Ben Maamar, Michael K. Skinner |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Epigenetics, Vol 17, Iss 5, Pp 518-530 (2022) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 1559-2294 1559-2308 15592294 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/15592294.2021.1924970 |
| Popis: | Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis is one of the most common epigenetic processes analysed for genome characterization and differential DNA methylation assessment. Previous genome-wide analysis has suggested an important variable in DNA methylation methods involves CpG density. The current study was designed to investigate the CpG density in a variety of different species genomes and correlate this to various DNA methylation analysis data sets. The majority of all genomes had >90% of the genome in the low density 1–3 CpG/100 bp category, while 5 CpG/100 bp category. Similar observations with human, rat, bird, and fish genomes were observed. The methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) procedure uses the anti-5-methylcytosine antibody immunoprecipitation followed by next-generation sequencing (MeDIP-Seq). The MeDIP procedure is biased to lower CpG density of 95% of the genome. The reduced representation bisulphite (RRBS) protocol generally identifies DMRs in higher CpG density regions of ≥3 CpG/100 bp which corresponds to approximately 20% of the genome. The whole-genome bisulphite (WGBS) analyses resulted in higher CpG densities, often greater than 10 CpG/100bp. WGBS generally identifies ≥2 CpG/100bp, which corresponds to approximately 50% of the genome. Limitations and potential optimization approaches for each method are discussed. None of the procedures can provide complete genome-wide assessment of the genome, but MeDIP-Seq provides coverage of the highest percentage. Observations demonstrate that CpG density is a critical variable in DNA methylation analysis, and different molecular techniques focus on distinct genomic regions. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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