| Autor: |
Yanxia Chen, Wenchen Song, Can Li, Jiaxuan Wang, Feifei Liu, Zhanhong Ye, Peidi Ren, Yihan Tong, Junhua Li, Zhihua Ou, Andrew Chak-Yiu Lee, Jian-Piao Cai, Bosco Ho-Yin Wong, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Anna Jin-Xia Zhang, Hin Chu |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2023 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
EBioMedicine, Vol 89, Iss , Pp 104485- (2023) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2352-3964 |
| DOI: |
10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104485 |
| Popis: |
Summary: Background: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and is considered a risk factor of severe manifestation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pathogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and host responses to infection, re-infection, and vaccination in individuals with obesity remain incompletely understood. Methods: Using the diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse model, we studied SARS-CoV-2 Alpha- and Omicron BA.1-induced disease manifestations and host immune responses to infection, re-infection, and COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Findings: Unlike in lean mice, Omicron BA.1 and Alpha replicated to comparable levels in the lungs of DIO mice and resulted in similar degree of tissue damages. Importantly, both T cell and B cell mediated adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 mRNA vaccination are impaired in DIO mice, leading to higher propensity of re-infection and lower vaccine efficacy. However, despite the absence of neutralizing antibody, vaccinated DIO mice are protected from lung damage upon Omicron challenge, accompanied with significantly more IFN-α and IFN-β production in the lung tissue. Lung RNAseq and subsequent experiments indicated that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in DIO mice boosted antiviral innate immune response, including the expression of IFN-α, when compared to the nonvaccinated controls. Interpretation: Our findings suggested that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination enhances host innate antiviral responses in obesity which protect the DIO mice to a certain degree when adaptive immunity is suboptimal. Funding: A full list of funding bodies that contributed to this study can be found in the Acknowledgements section. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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