Preventive Measures against Pandemics from the Beginning of Civilization to Nowadays—How Everything Has Remained the Same over the Millennia

Autor: Laura Vitiello, Sara Ilari, Luigi Sansone, Manuel Belli, Mario Cristina, Federica Marcolongo, Carlo Tomino, Lucia Gatta, Vincenzo Mollace, Stefano Bonassi, Carolina Muscoli, Patrizia Russo
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 7, p 1960 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2077-0383
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071960
Popis: As of 27 March 2022, the β-coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 487 million individuals worldwide, causing more than 6.14 million deaths. SARS-CoV-2 spreads through close contact, causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); thus, emergency lockdowns have been implemented worldwide to avoid its spread. COVID-19 is not the first infectious disease that humankind has had to face during its history. Indeed, humans have recurrently been threatened by several emerging pathogens that killed a substantial fraction of the population. Historical sources document that as early as between the 10th and the 6th centuries BCE, the authorities prescribed physical–social isolation, physical distancing, and quarantine of the infected subjects until the end of the disease, measures that strongly resemble containment measures taken nowadays. In this review, we show a historical and literary overview of different epidemic diseases and how the recommendations in the pre-vaccine era were, and still are, effective in containing the contagion.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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