Universal constraints on energy flow and SYK thermalization

Autor: Ahmed Almheiri, Alexey Milekhin, Brian Swingle
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol 2024, Iss 8, Pp 1-43 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1029-8479
DOI: 10.1007/JHEP08(2024)034
Popis: Abstract We study the dynamics of a quantum system in thermal equilibrium that is suddenly coupled to a bath at a different temperature, a situation inspired by a particular black hole evaporation protocol. We prove a universal positivity bound on the integrated rate of change of the system energy which holds perturbatively in the system-bath coupling. Applied to holographic systems, this bound implies a particular instance of the averaged null energy condition. We also study in detail the particular case of two coupled SYK models in the limit of many fermions using the Schwinger-Keldysh non-equilibrium formalism. We solve the resulting Kadanoff-Baym equations both numerically and analytically in various limits. In particular, by going to low temperature, this setup enables a detailed study of the evaporation of black holes in JT gravity.
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