Chitooligosaccharide prevents vascular endothelial cell apoptosis by attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress via suppression of oxidative stress through Nrf2-SOD1 up-regulation
| Autor: | Zin Zin Ei, Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin, Peerada Prommeenate, Avtar Singh, Soottawat Benjakul, Kittichate Visuttijai, Pithi Chanvorachote |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Pharmaceutical Biology, Vol 60, Iss 1, Pp 2155-2166 (2022) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 13880209 1744-5116 1388-0209 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/13880209.2022.2133150 |
| Popis: | Context Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to endothelium pathological conditions. Chitooligosaccharides (COS) have health benefits, but their effect on endothelial cells is unknown. We demonstrate for the first time a protective effect of COS against ER-induced endothelial cell damage.Objective To evaluate the protective effect of COS on ER stress-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells.Material and methods Endothelial (EA.hy926) cells were pre-treated with COS (250 or 500 μg/mL) for 24 h, and then treated with 0.16 μg/mL of Tg for 24 h and compared to the untreated control. Apoptosis and necrosis were detected by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide co-staining. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured with the DCFH2-DA and DHE probes. The protective pathway and ER stress markers were evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses.Results COS attenuated ER stress-induced cell death. The viability of EA.hy926 cells treated with Tg alone was 44.97 ± 1% but the COS pre-treatment increased cells viability to 74.74 ± 3.95% in the 250 μg/mL COS and 75.34 ± 2.4% in the 500 μg/mL COS treatments. Tg induced ER stress and ROS, which were associated with ER stress-mediated death. Interestingly, COS reduced ROS by upregulating nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and the oxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1) and catalase. COS also suppressed up-regulation of the ER-related apoptosis protein, CHOP induced by Tg.Conclusions COS protected against ER stress-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells by suppressing ROS and up-regulation Nrf2 and SOD1. These findings support the use of COS to protect endothelial cells. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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