| Autor: |
Aidawati Mohamed Shabery, Riyanto Teguh Widodo, Zamri Chik |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2023 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
Gels, Vol 9, Iss 2, p 96 (2023) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2310-2861 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/gels9020096 |
| Popis: |
This study aimed to formulate semisolid niosomal encapsulated lidocaine and prilocaine using the patented palm oil base Hamin-C® for further characterization and in vivo pain assessment. Seven formulations were initially studied with various chemical compositions. A thin-layer film hydration method was used to produce niosome using a mixture of surfactant (Span® 40 or Span® 60) and cholesterol (CHOL) at a 1:1 ratio, with/without a charge-inducing agent (diacetyl phosphate) (DCP) and with/without labrasol®. Niosome F1 formulation had been identified as the highest %EE achieved, at 53.74 and 55.63% for prilocaine and lidocaine, respectively. Furthermore, NIO-HAMIN F1 emulgel indicated the best formulation with higher permeability of prilocaine and lidocaine compared to the rest of the formulations. The reformulation of optimization of NIO-HAMIN F1 emulgel using a cold process to NIO-HAMIN F1-C emulgel to improve the viscosity resulted in higher diffusion of prilocaine and lidocaine by 5.71 and 33.38%, respectively. In vivo pain perception studies by verbal rating score (VRS) and visual analogue score (VAS) on healthy subjects show a comparable local anesthetic effect between NIO-HAMIN F1-C emulgel and EMLA® cream. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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