Outbreak of Western Equine Encephalitis Virus Infection Associated with Neurological Disease in Horses Following a Nearly 40-Year Intermission Period in Argentina

Autor: María Aldana Vissani, Florencia Alamos, María Silvia Tordoya, Leonardo Minatel, Juan Manuel Schammas, María José Dus Santos, Karina Trono, María E. Barrandeguy, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya, Mariano Carossino
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Viruses, Vol 16, Iss 10, p 1594 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1999-4915
DOI: 10.3390/v16101594
Popis: Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) is a mosquito-borne arbovirus (genus Alphavirus, family Togaviridae) that has re-emerged in South America in late 2023, causing severe disease in both horses and humans after a nearly 40-year intermission period. We here describe the virological, serological, pathological, and molecular features of WEEV infection in horses during the 2023–2024 outbreak in Argentina. WEEV-infected horses developed neurological signs with mild to severe encephalitis associated with minimal to abundant WEEV-infected cells, as demonstrated by WEEV-specific in situ hybridization. The distribution of viral RNA was multifocal, with predominance within neuronal bodies, neuronal processes, and glial cells in the medulla oblongata and thalamic regions. Phylogenetic analysis of partial nsP4 sequences from three viral isolates obtained from three different provinces of Argentina support grouping with other temporally current WEEV strains from Uruguay and Brazil under a recently proposed novel lineage.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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