Immunohistochemistry-derived subtypes of breast cancer distribution in four regions of Ethiopia

Autor: Esmael Besufikad Belachew, Adey Feleke Desta, Tewodros Yalew Gebremariam, Dinikisira Bekele Deneke, Senait Ashenafi, Melisachew Mulatu Yeshi, Bizunesh Dires Fenta, Alemwosen T/Hayimanot Alem, Addisu Alemu, Abdo Kedir Abafogi, Tigist Desta, Menberework Chanyalew, Daniel Beshah, Lesley Taylor, Marcus Bauer, Dareskedar Tsehay, Selfu Girma, Daniel Seifu Melka, Tesfaye Sisay Tessema, Eva J. Kantelhardt, Rawleigh Howe
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 14 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1664-2392
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1250189
Popis: PurposeDifferent biological characteristics, therapeutic responses, and disease-specific outcomes are associated with different molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC). Although there have been different studies on BC in the Ethiopian capital city of Addis Ababa, there have been few studies in other parts of the nation, and none have evaluated biological characteristics in other locations in the context of the extensive ethnic and genetic diversity found in Ethiopia. This study was carried out to evaluate the distribution of immunohistochemistry (IHC) subtypes of BCs throughout four Ethiopian regions.MethodsA total of 227 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks were collected from tertiary hospitals in four Ethiopian regions between 2015 and 2021. The IHC staining was performed for subtyping, ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67 proliferation markers.ResultsThe mean age at diagnosis was 43.9 years. The percentage of ER and PR-negative tumors were 48.3% and 53.2%, respectively. The IHC subtypes showed the following distribution: 33.1% triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), 27.6% luminal B, 25.2% luminal A, and 14.1% HER2 enriched. In multiple logistic regression analysis, grade III and HER2 positivity were associated with larger tumor size, and also originating from Jimma compared to Mekele.ConclusionPatients with ER-negative, PR-negative, and TNBC were found in 48.3%, 53.2%, and 33.1% of cases, respectively, showing that half the patients could potentially benefit from endocrine treatment. A considerably high prevalence of TNBC was reported in our study, demanding additional research that includes genetic predisposition factors. Additionally, aggressive tumors were found in a high percentage of younger age groups, which must be considered when planning personalized treatment strategies.
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