Cardiovascular Risks of Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
| Autor: | Giovanni Corona, Sandra Filippi, Nicola Bianchi, Mauro Dicuio, Giulia Rastrelli, Sergio Concetti, Alessandra Sforza, Mario Maggi |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | The World Journal of Men's Health, Vol 39, Iss 3, Pp 429-443 (2021) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 2287-4208 2287-4690 |
| DOI: | 10.5534/wjmh.200109 |
| Popis: | Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the gold standard treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer (PC). Emerging evidence has documented a tight association between ADT and body composition, along with meta-bolic profile impairment. These alterations might underpin the observed ADT-related increase in cardiovascular (CV) and thromboembolic (venous thromboembolism, VTE) mortality and morbidity. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these associations have not yet been completely elucidated. In the present review we summarize and discussed the avail-able evidence linking ADT to increased cardio-metabolic risk, using both preclinical and clinical data. When possible, meta-analytic studies were preferred. Preclinical evidence, using a rabbit model of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue-induced hypogonadism, indicates that the induced condition is associated with a dramatic increase in visceral adiposity and with an impairment of acetylcholine induced vascular relaxation, along with an increased propensity towards fatty liver. This suggests a direct role of ADT in inducing a worsened metabolic profile. In contrast, available clinical data are not sufficient to clarify a direct pathogeniclink between reduced testosterone (T) and altered metabolism. In fact, although T deprivation is associated with an altered metabolism, it is possible that the association between ADT and CV or VTE risk could simply be the result of a selection bias, related to the poor health status of patients with advanced PC. Despite the aforementioned con-siderations, all patients who are candidatesfor ADT should be screened for CV risk factors at baseline and monitored during the therapy. Life-style modifications and physical exercise are strongly encouraged. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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