Effects of smoking cessation on endothelial function as assessed by flow-mediated total dilation

Autor: Naoki Okuyama, Kazuo Fukumoto, Yasuhiko Takemoto, Takeshi Yamauchi, Ayako Makuuchi, Hiroki Namikawa, Hiromitsu Toyoda, Yoshihiro Tochino, Yasuhiro Izumiya, Daiju Fukuda, Taichi Shuto
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1476-7120
DOI: 10.1186/s12947-024-00329-9
Popis: Abstract Background In assessing the effects of smoking cessation on endothelial function, low-flow-mediated constriction (L-FMC) may provide complementary information to flow-mediated dilation (FMD). However, the value of flow-mediated total dilation (FMTD), an index that incorporates L-FMC into FMD, remains underreported. We aimed to evaluate the effect of smoking cessation on endothelial function, as assessed by FMD and FMTD, and clarify its associated clinical factors. Methods We enrolled 118 consecutive current smokers without previous coronary artery disease (72.9% were men; age: 59 ± 11 years) who underwent smoking cessation treatment. The clinical variables %FMD, %L-FMC, and %FMTD were examined before and 20 weeks after treatment initiation. A multivariate linear regression model was used to investigate the effects of smoking cessation on %FMD and %FMTD and the interaction between smoking cessation and baseline clinical variables. Results After 20 weeks, 85 smokers (69.4% were men; age: 59 ± 12 years) ceased smoking (abstainers), whereas 33 smokers (81.8% were men; age: 58 ± 11 years) did not (continued smokers). The estimated group differences (abstainers - continued smokers) in changes in the %FMD and %FMTD were 0.77% (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.22–1.77%; p = 0.129) and 1.17% (95% CI, 0.16–2.18%; p = 0.024), respectively. Smoking cessation-associated improvement in %FMTD was greater in women than in men (5.41% [95% CI, 3.15–7.67%] versus 0.24% [95% CI, -0.81–1.28%]; p-value for interaction,
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