Invasive meningococcal disease epidemiology and vaccination strategies in four Southern European countries: a review of the available data

Autor: Irini Zografaki, Marios Detsis, Maria Del Amo, Raffaella Iantomasi, Ana Maia, Eva Agostina Montuori, Cristina Mendez
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Expert Review of Vaccines, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 545-562 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1476-0584
1744-8395
14760584
DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2225596
Popis: Introduction Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a major health concern which can be prevented through vaccination. Conjugate vaccines against serogroups A, C, W, and Y and two protein-based vaccines against serogroup B are currently available in the European Union. Areas covered We present epidemiologic data for Italy, Portugal, Greece, and Spain using publicly available reports from national reference laboratories and national or regional immunization programs (1999–2019), aiming to confirm risk groups, and describe time trends in overall incidence and serogroup distribution, as well as impact of immunization. Analysis of circulating MenB isolates in terms of the surface factor H binding protein (fHbp) using PubMLST is discussed as fHbp represents an important MenB vaccine antigen. Predictions of potential reactivity of the two available MenB vaccines (MenB-fHbp and 4CMenB) with circulating MenB isolates are also provided as assessed using the recently developed MenDeVAR tool. Expert opinion Understanding dynamics of IMD and continued genomic surveillance are essential for evaluating vaccine effectiveness, but also prompting proactive immunization programs to prevent future outbreaks. Importantly, the successful design of further effective meningococcal vaccines to fight IMD relies on considering the unpredictable epidemiology of the disease and combining lessons learnt from capsule polysaccharide vaccines and protein-based vaccines.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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