| Autor: |
Torsten B Neilands, Sera L Young, Shalean M Collins, Godfred O Boateng, Zeina Jamaluddine, Joshua D Miller, Edward A Frongillo, Wendy E Jepson, Hugo Melgar-Quiñonez, Amber Wutich, Ellis Adams, Farooq Ahmed, Mallika Alexander, Mobolanle Balogun, Michael Boivin, Genny Carrillo, Kelly Chapman, Stroma Cole, Hassan Eini-zinab, Jorge Escobar-vargas, Hala Ghattas, Ashley Hagaman, Nicola Hawley, Kenneth Maes, Jyoti Mathad, Patrick Mbullo Owour, Javier Moran, Nasrin Omidvar, Amber Pearson, Asher Rosinger, Luisa Samayoa-figueroa, Jader Santos, Sonali Srivastava, Chad Staddon, Andrea Sullivan, Yihenew Tesfaye, Nathaly Triviño-león, Alex Trowell, Desire Tshala-katumbay, Raymond Tutu, Felipe Uribe-salas, Cassandra Workman, Justin Stoler, Alexandra Brewis, Matthew C Freeman, Asiki Gershim, Divya Krishnakumar, Jonathan Maupin, Monet Niesluchowski, E Cuauhtemoc Sánchez-Rodriguez, Marianne V Santoso, Roseanne Schuster |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2019 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
BMJ Global Health, Vol 4, Iss 5 (2019) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2059-7908 |
| DOI: |
10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001750 |
| Popis: |
Objective Progress towards equitable and sufficient water has primarily been measured by population-level data on water availability. However, higher-resolution measures of water accessibility, adequacy, reliability and safety (ie, water insecurity) are needed to understand how problems with water impact health and well-being. Therefore, we developed the Household Water InSecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale to measure household water insecurity in an equivalent way across disparate cultural and ecological settings.Methods Cross-sectional surveys were implemented in 8127 households across 28 sites in 23 low-income and middle-income countries. Data collected included 34 items on water insecurity in the prior month; socio-demographics; water acquisition, use and storage; household food insecurity and perceived stress. We retained water insecurity items that were salient and applicable across all sites. We used classical test and item response theories to assess dimensionality, reliability and equivalence. Construct validity was assessed for both individual and pooled sites using random coefficient models.Findings Twelve items about experiences of household water insecurity were retained. Items showed unidimensionality in factor analyses and were reliable (Cronbach’s alpha 0.84 to 0.93). The average non-invariance rate was 0.03% (threshold |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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