Frequency of exposure to arboviruses and characterization of Guillain Barré syndrome in a clinical cohort of patients treated at a tertiary referral center in Brasília, Federal District

Autor: Luíza Morais de Matos, Ariely Teotonio Borges, Aline Barbosa Palmeira, Vinicius Moreira Lima, Ernane Pires Maciel, Rubens Nelson Morato Fernandez, João Pedro Lima Mendes, Gustavo Adolfo Sierra Romero
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, Vol 55 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1678-9849
0037-8682
DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0306-2021
Popis: ABSTRACT Background: Guillian Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy often associated with previous exposure to infectious agents. Methods: A clinical cohort of 41 patients with GBS admitted to the Base Hospital Institute of the Federal District between May 2017 and April 2019 was followed up for 1 year. Serological tests for arbovirus detection and amplification of nucleic acids using polymerase chain reaction for zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) were performed. Results: The cohort consisted of 61% men with a median age of 40 years, and 83% had GBS-triggering events. A total of 54% had Grade 4 disability, 17% had Grade 3, 12% had Grade 2, 10% had Grade 5, and 7% had Grade 1. The classic form occurred in 83% of patients. Nerve conduction evaluations revealed acute demyelinating inflammatory polyneuropathy (51%), acute motor axonal neuropathy (17%), acute sensory-motor neuropathy (15%), and indeterminate forms (17%). Four patients were seropositive for DENV. There was no laboratory detection of ZIKV or CHIKV infection. Ninety percent of patients received human immunoglobulin. Intensive care unit admission occurred in 17.1% of the patients, and mechanical ventilation was used in 14.6%. One patient died of Bickerstaff’s encephalitis. Most patients showed an improvement in disability at 10 weeks of follow-up. Conclusions: GBS in the Federal District showed a variable clinical spectrum, and it was possible to detect recent exposure to DENV.
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