GIS-BASED EVALUATION AND PREDICTION OF ECOLOGICAL SITUATION IN THE COAL MINING AREAS WITH A CRITICAL TECHNOGENIC IMPACT
| Autor: | S. V. Pyankov, N. G. Maximovich, E. A. Khairulina, A. N. Shikhov, R. K. Abdullin |
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| Jazyk: | English<br />Russian |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | InterCarto. InterGIS, Vol 23, Iss 3, Pp 154-167 (2017) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 2414-9179 2414-9209 |
| DOI: | 10.24057/2414-9179-2017-3-23-154-167 |
| Popis: | The paper highlights the features of the creation of the basin GIS, developed to support the environmental monitoring, assessment and forecasting of negative consequences in the areas of technogenic disaster (on the example of abandoned Kizel coal basin, located in Perm Region, Russia). The world experience of applying GIS-technologies for solving environmental problems of coal-mining regions is also being discussed. The information basis and structure of the cartographic and attributive database of the Kizel coal basin GIS are presented. The main tasks of creating the GIS, including inventory of man-made impact sources, identification of the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of pollutants, quantification and mapping of the territory ecological status, forecasting of the environmental situation and planning of environmental measures have been identified. A system of spatial criteria for the integrated assessment of the territory ecological status within coal basins is proposed, which will allow monitoring of environmental changes and identifying areas with the critical environmental situation. These criteria include the pH value and the sulfates concentration in the streams, the complex of heavy metals, the species composition of microorganisms in surface waters, the area of degraded land and dead forest stands. The degree of negative impact of the abandoned coal mines on streams and groundwater is described, and the priority pollutants are identified.The estimates of the extent of contaminated streams, as well as areas of potential contamination of floodplain lands have been obtained using LANDSAT satellite imagery data. The significance of the creation of the algorithms for the integration of heterogeneous spatial information (ground-based and remote sensing observations) for compiling synthetic maps that objectively estimate the ecological situation has been noted. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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