Immunomodulatory Effect of Polysaccharides from the Mushroom-Forming Basidiomycete Gymnopilus imperialis (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota)

Autor: Lhaís A. Caldas, Patricia D. Santos, Elaine R. Carbonero, Marisa Ionta, Marta Miyazawa, Ester S. Caixeta, Antonio M. Fregnan, Bianca Barros Nóbrega, Maria Carolina B. Di Medeiros, Nelson Menolli, Douglas M. M. Soares, Cassius V. Stevani, Patricia Sartorelli
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Pharmaceuticals, Vol 15, Iss 10, p 1179 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1424-8247
DOI: 10.3390/ph15101179
Popis: Gymnopilus consists of a widely distributed genus of basidiomycetes, especially in tropical regions of the world, such as Japan, Australia, Paraguay, and Brazil. This genus biosynthesizes interesting bioactive compounds, such as sesquiterpenoids, oligoisoprenoids, styrylpyrones, and lectins. In the present study, the aqueous extract of the basidiomata of Gymnopilus imperialis (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Agaricales, Hymenogastraceae) was obtained by using the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) technique, followed by the precipitation of polysaccharide fraction with ethanol. Further purification by freeze-thawing processes, Fehling solution precipitation, and membrane dialysis with different pore sizes yield three main polysaccharide fractions (Gi-MRSW, Gi-PFME, and Gi-SFME). According to monosaccharide composition and 13C-NMR data, the Gi-MRSW and Gi-SFME fractions showed to be composed mainly of β-glucans and Gi-PFME by a heterogalactan. Moreover, the immunomodulatory potential of Gi-MRSW was evaluated using RAW 264.7 murine macrophage as a study model. The nitric oxide production was significantly increased in treated samples, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) showed that the fraction Gi-MRSW from G. imperialis induces the M1 polarization phenotype.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje