Assessment of the causality of drug induced cutaneous manifestations

Autor: Janardan Upadhyay, B Raghvendra Rao
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Zdroj: MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences, Vol 3, Iss 3, Pp 196-199 (2015)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2321-7006
2321-7294
DOI: 10.4103/2321-7006.302232
Popis: Background: A wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations ranging from Maculopapular rash to severe Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) can be produced by different classes of drugs. Some severe ACDRs may result in serious morbidity and even death. Objective: To assess the causality and identify the offending drug. Methods: The present hospital based study was carried out for a period of one year at Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Warangal. The study subjects were those who had adverse cutaneous drug reactions. Patients willing to participate in the study with ACDR were included. Any cases with doubtful drug reaction were excluded. Complete history was taken and detailed clinical examination was done. Regular follow up of cases was done. Data was entered in the Microsoft Excel Worksheet and analyzed. Results: Maculopapular rash and FDE were commonly caused by Antibiotics, while urticaria was due to NSAIDs and Acneiform eruptions was caused by Steroids. Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (SCARs) was seen in 7 patients. Amongst SCARs, SJS followed by TEN and AGEP was seen in 4, 2 and 1 case respectively. Antibiotics were the commonest offending agent for SCARs. Antimicrobials were the commonest offending group of drugs responsible for the adverse cutaneous drug reactions; however when individual drugs were considered, Diclofenac was leading drug followed by Amoxicillin and Phenytoin. Commonest reaction caused by NSAIDs was Urticaria followed by Maculopapular rash. Antiepileptics and Antipsychotics commonly caused Maculopapular rash whereas FDE was commonly seen with Antibiotics. Acneiform eruption was commonly caused by Systemic Steroids followed by SSRIs. Conclusion: Antimicrobials as a group were the most common offending agents. However, when individual drugs were taken into considerations then Diclofenac (15%) followed by Amoxicillin (9%) and Phenytoin (8%) in the order were the offending drugs.
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