Exploring Visual Selective Attention towards Novel Stimuli in Alzheimer's Disease Patients

Autor: Sarah A. Chau, Nathan Herrmann, Moshe Eizenman, Jonathan Chung, Krista L. Lanctôt
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Zdroj: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra, Vol 5, Iss 3, Pp 492-502 (2015)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1664-5464
11400625
DOI: 10.1159/000442383
Popis: Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with selective attention impairments, which could contribute to cognitive and functional deficits. Selective attention can be explored through examination of novelty preference. Aims: In this study, we quantified novelty preference in AD patients by measuring visual scanning behaviour using an eye tracking paradigm. Methods: Mild-to-moderate AD patients and elderly controls viewed slides containing novel and repeated images simultaneously. The outcome measure was time spent on specific images, with novelty preference defined by greater relative fixation time (RFT) on novel versus repeated images. Cognitive status (Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination, SMMSE) and attention (Digit Span, DS) were also measured. Results: AD patients (age 79.2 ± 6.7 years, SMMSE 22.2 ± 4.0, n = 41) and controls (age 76.2 ± 6.4 years, SMMSE 28.1 ± 2.0, n = 24) were similar in age, education and sex. Compared with controls, AD patients had lower RFT on novel than on repeated images (F1,63 = 11.18, p = 0.001). Further, reduced RFT was associated with lower scores on SMMSE (r63 = 0.288, p = 0.020) and DS (r63 = 0.269, p = 0.030). Within individuals, novelty preference was detected in 92.3% of patients and in 100% of controls. Conclusion: These findings suggest that novelty preference, measured by visual scanning behaviour, can differentiate cognitively healthy and impaired people and may offer a nonverbal, less cognitively demanding method of assessing selective attention.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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