Effective removal of microcystin by a hybrid process combining PAC-submerged hollow fiber membrane from raw water

Autor: Ayse Sengul, Gamze Ersan, Eda Yalçın Albayrak, Mafaz Ali Rajab, Neşe Tüfekci
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Water Supply, Vol 23, Iss 3, Pp 1319-1332 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1606-9749
1607-0798
DOI: 10.2166/ws.2023.062
Popis: Microcystis aeruginosa is one of the most commonly detected cyanobacteria in aquatic systems. Therefore, this study evaluated the removal efficiency of total (cell-bound and dissolved) microcystin (MC) by a hybrid process combining powdered activated carbon (PAC)-submerged hollow fiber membrane and compared the hybrid process performance with that of PAC adsorption and submerged hollow fiber membrane processes separately. The results indicated that up to 84% of the total MC was removed using the PAC adsorption stand-alone process, while 90% of it was removed by submerged hollow fiber membrane stand-alone process (with a 10 μg/L feed concentration). When the PAC dose of 20 mg/L and equilibrium time of 480 min were applied with a 51.9 μg/L feed concentration to the hybrid process, the removal efficiency of total MC increased to 99%. Moreover, the cell-bound and dissolved MC concentrations in the permeate were 0.34 and 0.65 mg/L, respectively. This permeate concentration level was ensured by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the guideline value for MC (1 mg/L). Overall, the hybrid process combining PAC-submerged hollow fiber membranes can be successfully used as an alternative advanced treatment technology to mitigate total (cell-bound and dissolved) MC. HIGHLIGHTS The membrane stand-alone process was able to ensure the removal of 90% of the total MC.; The hybrid membrane process was capable of considerable removal of total MC (>99%).; The hybrid membrane process significantly enhanced the removal of extracellular MC (47.6%).; The hybrid membrane process achieved a permeate concentration below the WHO guideline value of 1 μg/L.;
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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